review Closed Access EN 2014-06-16

Citrus fruit intake and bladder cancer risk: a meta-analysis of observational studies

Sudong Liang, Gaofei Lv, Weikai Chen, Jianxin Jiang, Jingqun Wang

International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, Vol. 65, Issue 7, pp. 893–898 (2014)

Soochow University, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, University of South China

DOI: 10.3109/09637486.2014.917151 PMID: 24932663

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Abstract

Epidemiological studies have investigated the association between citrus fruit and bladder cancer risk; however, the results are inconsistent. To assess these issues, we conducted a meta-analysis of currently available studies. We identified relevant articles by searching the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases. We calculated the summary relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) using a random effect model. We included eight case-control studies and six cohort studies in the meta-analysis. There was a significant inverse association between citrus fruit intake and bladder cancer risk in all pooled studies (RR: 0.85; 95% CI, 0.76-0.94) and case-control studies (RR: 0.77; 95% CI, 0.64-0.92), but not in the cohort studies (RR: 0.96; 95% CI, 0.87-1.07). Our results suggest that citrus fruit intake is related to decreased bladder cancer risk. Subsequent well-designed, large prospective studies are needed to obtain better understanding of this relationship.