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Genetic risk and a primary role for cell-mediated immune mechanisms in multiple sclerosis

Stephen Sawcer, Maria Ban, Anu Kemppinen, Alastair Compston, Sheila Skidmore, Amie Baker, Colin Freeman, Matti Pirinen, Gavin Band, Amy Strange, Gil McVean, Peter Donnelly, Zhan Su, Eleni Giannoulatou, Chris C. A. Spencer, Céline Bellenguez, Garrett Hellenthal, Anna Rautanen, Nikolaos A. Patsopoulos, Paul I. W. de Bakker, Philip L. De Jager, Mark J. Daly, Kristin Ardlie, Nikolaos A. Patsopoulos, David A. Hafler, Cristin Aubin, Paul I. W. de Bakker, Philip L. De Jager, Nikolaos A. Patsopoulos, Susan Pobywajlo, Peter Donnelly, Loukas Moutsianas, Alexander Dilthey, Pamela Whittaker, Sara Widaa, Sarah Hunt, Matthew Waller, Rathi Ravindrarajah, Sarah Edkins, Simon Potter, Naomi Hammond, Suzannah J. Bumpstead, Emma Gray, Michelle Ricketts, Panos Deloukas, Cordelia Langford, Aarno Palotie, M. L. Perez, Matthew Gillman, Hannah Blackburn, Owen T McCann, Rhian Gwilliam, Jennifer Liddle, Serge Dronov, Paul A. Weston, Alagurevathi Jayakumar, Graeme J. Stewart, Rob N. Heard, David R. Booth, Rita Dobosi, Bénédicte Dubois, Katleen Clysters, An Goris, Annette Oturai, Per Soelberg Sørensen, Finn Sellebjerg, Helle Bach Søndergaard, Aarno Palotie, Anna-Maija Sulonen, Janna Saarela, Virpi Leppä, Bertrand Fontaine, Claire Fontenille, Isabelle Cournu‐Rebeix, Bernhard Hemmer, Muna Hoshi, Dorothea Buck, Sabine Cepok, Juliane Winkelmann, Achim Berthele, Frauke Zipp, Frauke Zipp, Roland Martinꝉ, Sabine Roesner, Stephen Leslie, Stanley Hawkins, Sandra D’alfonso , Laura Bergamaschi, Gıancarlo Comı, Mariaemma Rodegher, Vittorio Martinelli, Federica Esposito, Filippo Martinelli Boneschi, Hanne F. Harbo, Inger-Lise Mero , Elisabeth Gulowsen Celius, C. Smestad, Åslaug Rudjord Lorentzen, Hanne F. Harbo, Anne Spurkland, Marcin P. Mycko, Krzysztof Selmaj, E. Tronczyńska, Xavier Montalbán, Manuel Comabella, Ingrid Kockum, Tomas Olsson, Jan Hillert, Maja Jagodic, Jenny Link, Fredrik Piehl, Emilie Sundqvist, Izaura Lima Bomfim, Richard C. Strange, Tania Mihalova, Roby Abraham, Clive Hawkins, Jeremy Hobart, Jane Vickery, Wendy Ingram, John Zajicek, Trevor Pickersgill, M. Cossburn, K. Baker, Neil P. Robertson, Gillian Ingram, Patricia P. Ramsay, Hong Quach, Lisa F. Barcellos, Lisa F. Barcellos, Ling Shen, Catherine Schaefer, Brigid Simms-Acuna, Allan Bernstein, Lars Alfredsson, Adam Santaniello, Bruce Cree, Robin Lincoln, Stephen L. Hauser, Jorge R. Oksenberg, Sergio E. Baranzini, Refujia Gomez, Roberto Bergamaschi, Mike Boggild, Joseph Glessner, Patrick M. A. Sleiman, Frank Mentch, Rosetta Chiavacci, Jonathan P. Bradfield, Haitao Zhang, Cecilia Kim, Struan F. A. Grant, Kai Wang , Håkon Håkonarson, David Brassat, Simon Broadley, Helmut Butzkueven, Trevor J. Kilpatrick, Justin P. Rubio, Mark Marriott , Helmut Butzkueven, Trevor J. Kilpatrick, Mark Marriott , Niall Tubridy, Helmut Butzkueven, Helmut Butzkueven, Ruggero Capra, Allan G. Kermode, William M. Carroll, Paola Cavalla, Françoise Clerget‐Darpoux, Mathew Cox, Jeannette Lechner‐Scott, Rodney J. Scott, Wendy Cozen, Talat Islam, Thomas M. Mack, Laura Piccio, Anne H. Cross, Fabìo Macciardi, Erika Salvi, Sara Lupoli, Daniele Cusi, Philip L. De Jager, Mark J. Daly, Adrian J. Ivinson, Mark J. Daly, William Ollier, Katherine Dixon, Emma Davis, Paul I. W. de Bakker, Paul I. W. de Bakker, Marc Debouverie, Marie Beatrice D’hooghe, David Ellinghaus, André Franke, Stefan Schreiber, Michael Wittig, Irina Elovaara, Irina Elovaara, Jim Stankovich, Simon J. Foote, Bruce Taylor, Daniela Galimberti, Angelo Ghezzi, Olivier Gout, Colin A. Graham, Struan F.A. Grant, Patrick M. A. Sleiman, Haitao Zhang, Kai Wang , Hakon Hakonarson, Hakon Hakonarson, Struan F. A. Grant , Franca Rosa Guerini, Per Hall, Anders Hamsten, Malin Larsson, Hans-Peter Hartung, Mark Lathrop, Simon Heath, Carmen Infante‐Duarte, Michael Kabesch, Trevor J. Kilpatrick, Norman Klopp, H-Erich Wichmann, Ina-Maria Rückert , Keijo Koivisto, Jeannette Lechner‐Scott, Paola Naldi, Maurizio Leone, Virpi Leppä , Anna-Maija Sulonen, Ulrika Liljedahl, Ann-Christine Syvänen, Jianjun Liu, Åslaug Rudjord Lorentzen, Inger-Lise Mero, Sara Lupoli, Fabìo Macciardi, Deborah Mason, Margaret A. Pericak‐Vance, Jacob L. McCauley, John Mottershead, John Mottershead, Kjell-Morten Myhr, Kjell-Morten Myhr, Alison Page, Aarno Palotie, Aarno Palotie, Jean Pelletier, Mauri Reunanen, Richard Reynolds, John D. Rioux, Marco Salvetti, Francesca De Taddeo, Erika Salvi , Stefan Schreiber, Christian Schulze, David Sexton, Rebecca L. Zuvich, Jonathan L. Haines, Jenefer M. Blackwell, Jenefer M. Blackwell, Pentti J. Tienari, Elvira Bramon, Ayman Tourbah, Matthew A. Brown, Juan P. Casas, Niall Tubridy, Aiden Corvin, Janusz Jankowski, Pablo Villoslada, Hugh S. Markus, Richard C. Trembath, Christopher G. Mathew, James Wason, Colin N. A. Palmer, H-Erich Wichmann, H-Erich Wichmann, Robert Plomin, Ernest Willoughby, Juliane Winkelmann, Juliane Winkelmann, Michael Wittig, Jacqueline Yaouanq, Ananth C. Viswanathan, Nicholas Wood, Audrey Duncanson, Adrian J. Ivinson, David A. Hafler

Nature, 2011

University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Hospital, University of Oxford, Harvard University Press, Centre for Human Genetics, The University of Sydney, KU Leuven, University of Copenhagen, Broad Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, University of Helsinki, Harvard University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Utrecht University, University Medical Center Utrecht, Sorbonne Université, Massachusetts General Hospital, Center for Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Max Delbrück Center, Yale University, Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro”, Wellcome Sanger Institute, University of Oslo, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Karolinska Institutet, Helsinki University Hospital, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University Hospitals of North Midlands NHS Trust, Keele University, Kaiser Permanente, University of California, Berkeley, Millennium Institute, University of California, San Francisco, Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia University, Griffith University, Inserm, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Monash University, The University of Western Australia, TUM Klinikum, University of Turin, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Université Paris-Sud, Institute of Neuroimmunology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, University of Newcastle Australia, University of Southern California, Queen's University Belfast, Piedmont University, Washington University in St. Louis, University of Milan, San Raffaele University of Rome, Neuroscience Institute, University of Manchester, Oslo University Hospital, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Tampere University, Medical University of Lodz, University of Tasmania, Hebron University, Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Karolinska University Hospital, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Peninsula College of Medicine and Dentistry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, University Hospital of Wales, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, California Health and Human Services Agency, Uppsala University, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, University of California, Irvine, Fondazione Istituto Neurologico Nazionale Casimiro Mondino, Urology Foundation, University of Liverpool, Walton Centre, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Otago, University of Miami, University of Bergen, Hôpital Purpan, Box Hill Hospital, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Victoria University, St. Vincent's University Hospital, University of Oulu, Imperial College London, University of Brescia, Université de Montréal, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria San Giovanni Battista, John Hunter Hospital, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Sapienza University of Rome, USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Fondazione Filarete, Institute of Genetic and Biomedical Research, Harvard NeuroDiscovery Center, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire de Nancy, National Multiple Sclerosis Society, The Kids Research Institute Australia, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere University, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, The University of Queensland, University of London, University College Dublin, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Trinity College Dublin, Associazione Italiana Sclerosi Multipla, Fondation Ophtalmologique Adolphe de Rothschild, Queen Mary University of London, Universitat de Barcelona, St George's, University of London, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, Medical Research Council, University of Dundee, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, King's College London, Don Carlo Gnocchi Foundation, Commissariat à l'Énergie Atomique et aux Énergies Alternatives, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine, Genoscope, University College London, Zimmer Biomet (Germany), Seinäjoki University of Applied Sciences, Wellcome Trust, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Maggiore della Carita, Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedale Maggiore, Uppsala University Hospital, Science for Life Laboratory, Genome Institute of Singapore, Dr. John T. Macdonald Foundation, Dunedin Public Hospital, Salford Royal Hospital, Haukeland University Hospital, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth Hospital, Hôpital de la Timone, Oulu University Hospital, Hammersmith Hospital, Montreal Heart Institute, Protein Express (United States), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Princess Alexandra Hospital, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Consorci Institut D'Investigacions Biomediques August Pi I Sunyer, Guy's Hospital, MRC Biostatistics Unit, Ninewells Hospital, Psychiatry Research Trust, Auckland City Hospital, Hôpital Pontchaillou, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery

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